%PDF-1.4 % 1 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 2 /Kids [ 2 0 R 108 0 R ] >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 1 0 R /Resources << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI ] /Font << /QuickPDFF920db00a 71 0 R /QuickPDFF86911ef6 107 0 R >> >> /Contents [ 5 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 595.2756 841.8898 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 595.2756 841.8898 ] >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 1 0 R /Metadata 110 0 R >> endobj 4 0 obj << /Producer (Debenu Quick PDF Library 11.15 \(www.debenu.com\)) /Creator (Debenu Quick PDF Library 11.15 \(www.debenu.com\)) /CreationDate (D:20160523123617+02'00') /ModDate (D:20160523123619+02'00') >> endobj 5 0 obj << /Length 3177 /LC /iSQP >> stream 0 Tr /QuickPDFF86911ef6 14 Tf 0 0 0 rg 100 Tz 0 Tw 0 Tc 0 Ts BT 1 0 0 1 83.1788 770.8329 Tm (Advances in the use of Ground Based Radar for Disaster Recovery Risk)Tj 1 0 0 1 258.3678 752.1709 Tm (Management)Tj ET /QuickPDFF86911ef6 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 246.6143 717.2179 Tm (Mark Bell \(Australia\))Tj ET /QuickPDFF86911ef6 12 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 675.495 Tm 15.996 TL (Key words: )' ET /QuickPDFF920db00a 12 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 141.7323 675.495 Tm 15.768 TL (Bridge surveying; Deformation measurement; Engineering survey; Land)' (readjustment; Mine surveying; Risk management; Tunnel surveying; "radar",)' ("ground penetrating radar", "interferometry", "synthetic aperture radar")' ET /QuickPDFF86911ef6 12 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 618.8021 Tm 15.996 TL (SUMMARY)' ET /QuickPDFF920db00a 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 150.7097 Tm 13.14 TL (__________________________________________________________________________________________)' ()' (Advances in the use of Ground Based Radar for Disaster Recovery Risk Management \(8393\))' (Mark Bell \(Australia\))' ()' (FIG Working Week 2016)' (Recovery from Disaster)' (Christchurch, New Zealand, May 26, 2016)' ET /QuickPDFF920db00a 12 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 590.4557 Tm 15.768 TL (At the beginning of the 20th century, radio waves were first used to detect the presence of objects)' (but it was not until the 1940s that radar, an acronym for RAdio Detection And Ranging, was used)' (routinely for detecting the presence of aircraft and naval ships. Radar now has a broad range of)' (highly diverse applications including air traffic control, astronomy, air-defence systems, speed)' (calculation, navigation \(air, sea and space\), collision avoidance, surveillance and meteorology. )' ()' (More recent uses of ground based radar include ground-penetrating radar \(GPR\) for geological and)' (civil infrastructure investigations, and interferometry and synthetic aperture radar for remote)' (monitoring of the movement of structures and landscapes. The use of ground based radar therefore)' (lends itself to applications in disaster recovery risk management.)' ()' (For example, GPR is now used routinely to determine railway ballast, road pavement and concrete)' (substructure condition but can also be used to determine the extent of damage to this infrastructure)' (after flood events, cyclones or earthquakes. Other novel applications of GPR is its use for real time)' (detection of people trapped under rubble and to determine if there is movement.)' ()' (Interferometric radar is used to detect sub-millimetre movement and provide vibration analysis of)' (civil infrastructure, such as bridges, buildings, tunnels, and dam walls and therefore can determine)' (whether these structures are performing according to their design specifications both during and)' (after disaster events. It can also be used to monitor active volcanic cones to determine whether they)' (are inflating prior to eruption. Other systems combine interferometry and synthetic aperture radar to)' (monitor slope movement for landslide prediction and also to measure land subsidence after)' (earthquake activity. )' ET endstream endobj 6 0 obj << /Length 316 /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream xMRKnCAۿSpk`y^Uu[jIɒT%C/:b}Rx\%=
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